TCP is one of the most popular and basic protocols for transmitting data over the Internet. This protocol is used in TCP / IP networks and provides data flow, practically eliminating the loss of information due to the implemented connection and download technology.
The advent of TCP
TCP / IP was first developed in the early 1970s and was used to build the ARPANET. The technology was developed as part of a research project that was aimed at exploring the potential for combining computers within the same local or virtual internetwork.
Establishing a TCP connection is done using a special client program such as a browser, mailer, or messaging client.
TCP structure
The TCP / IP structure allows you to form access to remote computers, as well as combine individual devices to create local networks that work separately from the general ones. TCP is a reliable data transfer protocol. Thus, all information that will be sent to the network is guaranteed to be received by the addressee, i.e. the user to whom the data was provided.
The alternative for TCP is UDP. An important difference between these networks is that TCP must first establish a trusted connection between the sender and the recipient of information. After the connection is established, data transfer takes place, and then the connection termination procedure begins. UDP immediately sets up the transmission of the desired information packets to the user without first creating a channel.
Sending data over TCP
After establishing a connection, TCP sends data along the created routes in accordance with the IP addresses of the sender and recipient of the information. The IP address is a unique identifier of every network device on the Internet, and therefore the packet sent through the created tunnel cannot be lost or mistakenly sent to another user.
At the physical level of data transmission, information has the form of frequencies, amplitudes and other waveforms that are already processed by the recipient's network interface card.
Channel protocols are responsible for processing information by a computer and transmitting it to other components, among which are Ethernet, ATM, SLIP, IEEE 802.11. These channels provide not only data transmission, but also a form of delivery to the addressee. So, in IEEE 802.11 networks, information is transmitted using a wireless radio signal. In this case, the signal is sent from the computer's network card, which also has its own MAC code. In the case of Ethernet, all data transmission is carried out using a cable connection.
