As you know, there are many scammers on the Internet, and each of them uses the most suitable method of deception, which to a certain extent can be attributed to search engine spam.
First of all, you need to know that search spam should be understood as a kind of so-called "black" optimization. Surely, many users of personal computers and the Internet know that search spam is used in one way or another everywhere. The main purpose of search spam is short-term, but at the same time significant assistance in the promotion of a particular website (growth of its traffic). Most often, only novice webmasters resort to search spam, and in most cases they don't even notice it. For example, one type of search spam is link buying. In total, there are three main methods of search spam, these are contextual spam, link spam and behavioral spam.
Contextual spam
Contextual spam, as you might guess from the name itself, is replete with a large number of so-called keywords in the text posted on the site. Most often, contextual spam is located on the main page (main) of a web resource. As a result, it turns out that this page is just replete with the same keyword (phrase), but nevertheless it can lead to good results. Less commonly, web document tags are oversaturated with a key, a 1-pixel font is used for keywords, and so on. Thanks to modern security tools, the use of contextual spam has decreased many times and its use has become simply impractical.
Link spam
Link spam is much more common now. The principle of its operation consists in unnatural manipulations with both an external link and an internal one (with a mass of links of some web resource). Unfortunately, modern search engines are far from always able to determine where this or that link came from, which means that it can be considered the safest. However, excessive use of link spam can result in the AGS filter being imposed.
Behavioral spam
As far as behavioral spam is concerned, this type has appeared relatively recently. Modern search engines are developing methods to combat it, which means that many optimizers can take this type of spam into their "arms". Most often, cheating with it is carried out by buying activity on exchanges. In this regard, we can definitely say that its application will require certain financial costs from the optimizer, which will not always be small.