Domains provide identification of a site on the Internet and define it in space. They can consist of several levels or parts. The domain name exists thanks to a special DNS system. The address is formed in a human-friendly form and makes it easier to memorize the symbols necessary to go to a specific site. A whole business is built around domains on the Internet, which is based on selling the most easy-to-remember and enter names for a higher price.
A fully qualified domain name can consist of a main part and all sub-names in which it is included. These names are separated by dots and form levels. For example, ru.sait.com denotes a third-level resource ru, included in the second level of sait, which is included in the top-order space com.
Domain name resolution uses a system of DNS servers, each of which holds one or more zones and responds to appropriate queries. All levels are accessible only after the registration procedure, which is carried out by the registrars, to ensure the protection of the owner's rights. Information about the person who registered the name is entered into a specific database and is publicly available. To identify a busy domain, you can use the whois service.
Beautiful website addresses are sold at varying prices in numerous zones. Over time, it becomes more and more difficult to find a good name, resulting in a resale market. It includes registrar companies, hosting companies and various organizations that buy and sell domains and are engaged in advertising. About 30% of sites do not have any information, and exist only for buying and selling advertising links. Domains of no more than three numbers, letters, or names that are consonant with the most common English nouns in the singular have the highest commercial value.
There is also the concept of country-specific domains that are allocated for a specific country and have a two-letter designation. Currently, there are about 260 geographical names. There are also internationalized domains that contain the characters of the alphabets of a particular country. There are also special reserved names that are used as examples for documentation and testing.
